電動調節閥內漏原因分析及解決辦法
電動調節閥內漏原因分析及解(jie)決(jue)辦法
電動調(diao)節(jie)閥以其控(kong)制精度高、安裝調(diao)試方便等(deng)優點在(zai)各種(zhong)工業(ye)控(kong)制系統中(zhong)得到了越來越廣泛(fan)的(de)應用。但是(shi),在(zai)使(shi)用過程中(zhong),也有一些問題(ti)困擾(rao)著現場(chang)儀表人員,就是(shi)閥門內漏問題(ti)。這里(li)我們就探討一下電動調(diao)節(jie)閥的(de)常見內漏原因和解決(jue)辦法,希望能對工廠的(de)現場(chang)維護人員起到一點助益。
一、執(zhi)行(xing)器零位(wei)設(she)定不準(zhun)確,沒有達到閥門的(de)全關位(wei)。調整辦(ban)法:
1)手(shou)動把閥關死(必須(xu)確認已經完(wan)全關閉);
2)再用(yong)力手動關閥,以稍微用(yong)力氣擰不動為(wei)準;
3)再往回擰(開閥方向)半圈;
4)然后調節限位。
二、行程方式的選擇
閥門是向下推關閉(bi)型(xing)式,執(zhi)行器(qi)的(de)推力(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)夠大,在(zai)沒有(you)壓力(li)(li)的(de)時(shi)候(hou)調試很容易就達到(dao)全(quan)關位(wei)(wei),而有(you)下推力(li)(li)時(shi),不(bu)(bu)能克服(fu)液體向上的(de)推力(li)(li),所以(yi)關不(bu)(bu)到(dao)位(wei)(wei)。解決辦法:更換大推力(li)(li)的(de)執(zhi)行器(qi),或更換為平衡型(xing)閥芯以(yi)減小介質(zhi)不(bu)(bu)平衡力(li)(li)。
三、電動調(diao)節(jie)閥制造質量引起(qi)的(de)內漏
閥(fa)門制(zhi)(zhi)造廠家在生產過程中(zhong)對閥(fa)門材質、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝、裝配(pei)工(gong)(gong)藝等控制(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)嚴,致使密封面研磨不(bu)(bu)合格、對麻點(dian)、沙眼等缺陷的(de)產品沒有徹底剔除(chu),造成了(le)電動(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)內漏。解決辦法:重新加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)密封面。
四、電動調節閥(fa)控制部分影響閥(fa)門的內(nei)漏
電(dian)動(dong)調節閥(fa)的傳(chuan)統控(kong)制方式(shi)是(shi)通過閥(fa)門限(xian)位開關(guan)、過力(li)矩(ju)開關(guan)等機械的控(kong)制方式(shi),由于這些控(kong)制元件受環境溫度、壓力(li)、濕度的影響,造(zao)成(cheng)閥(fa)門定位失準,彈簧(huang)疲勞(lao)、熱膨脹(zhang)系(xi)數不均勻等客觀因素,造(zao)成(cheng)電(dian)動(dong)調節閥(fa)的內(nei)漏(lou)。解決辦(ban)法(fa):重新調整限(xian)位。
五、電動調節閥調試問(wen)題引(yin)起的內漏
受(shou)加工、裝(zhuang)配工藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)普遍存在手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)嚴后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)打(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象,如通過(guo)上下(xia)限(xian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行程調(diao)整(zheng)小(xiao)一些,則出現電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)關(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)嚴或(huo)者閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)理想狀(zhuang)態;把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)行程調(diao)整(zheng)大(da)一些,則引(yin)起過(guo)力矩開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)保護動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo);如果將過(guo)力矩開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)值調(diao)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)一些,則出現撞壞減速傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機構或(huo)者撞壞閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men),甚至將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機燒(shao)毀的(de)(de)(de)(de)事故。為了(le)解決(jue)這一問題,通常,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)調(diao)試時(shi)手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)搖(yao)到(dao)底,再往開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)方向搖(yao)一圈,定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)限(xian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),然(ran)后(hou)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)到(dao)全開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定上限(xian)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),這樣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)會(hui)出現手動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)(guan)(guan)嚴后(hou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)打(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現象,才能使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)、關(guan)(guan)(guan)操作(zuo)(zuo)自如,但無形中(zhong)就(jiu)引(yin)起了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)門(men)內(nei)漏(lou)。即使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)調(diao)節閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)調(diao)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)比較理想,由于限(xian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)相(xiang)對固定的(de)(de)(de)(de),閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)(de)介質在運行中(zhong)對閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷沖刷、磨損,也會(hui)造成閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)關(guan)(guan)(guan)閉(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)嚴而(er)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)漏(lou)現象。解決(jue)辦法:重新調(diao)整(zheng)限(xian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。
六(liu)、選型錯(cuo)誤造成閥門(men)的空化腐蝕引起電動(dong)調節(jie)閥的內漏
空(kong)(kong)化(hua)(hua)與(yu)壓(ya)(ya)差有關(guan)(guan),當閥(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際壓(ya)(ya)差△P大(da)于產(chan)生(sheng)空(kong)(kong)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臨(lin)界壓(ya)(ya)差△Pc,就產(chan)生(sheng)空(kong)(kong)化(hua)(hua),空(kong)(kong)化(hua)(hua)過(guo)程中氣泡破裂時釋放出巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能量(liang),對閥(fa)(fa)座、閥(fa)(fa)芯等(deng)節(jie)流元(yuan)件(jian)產(chan)生(sheng)巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破壞作用,一(yi)般的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)在空(kong)(kong)化(hua)(hua)條件(jian)下最多運(yun)行(xing)(xing)三個月(yue)甚至更短(duan)時間(jian),即(ji)閥(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)遭受(shou)到嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)化(hua)(hua)腐蝕,致使閥(fa)(fa)座泄漏量(liang)高可達額定流量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)30%以上(shang),這(zhe)是無(wu)法(fa)彌補(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),因此,不同用途(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)動門(men)(men)(men)都有不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具體技術要求(qiu),要按照系統工藝(yi)流程來合理選(xuan)擇電(dian)動調節(jie)閥(fa)(fa)至關(guan)(guan)重(zhong)要。解(jie)決辦(ban)法(fa):進行(xing)(xing)工藝(yi)改(gai)進,選(xuan)用多級降壓(ya)(ya)或套筒調節(jie)閥(fa)(fa)。
七、介(jie)質的沖刷、電動調節閥老化引起的內漏
電(dian)動調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)好后經過一(yi)定時間的運行,由(you)于閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)的氣蝕和介質的沖刷、閥(fa)(fa)(fa)芯與閥(fa)(fa)(fa)座(zuo)產生磨(mo)損、內(nei)部部件老化等(deng)原因,則會(hui)出現電(dian)動調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)行程偏大、電(dian)動調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)關不(bu)嚴的現象(xiang),造成電(dian)動調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)泄(xie)漏量變大,隨(sui)著時間的推移,電(dian)動調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)內(nei)漏現象(xiang)會(hui)越來越嚴重(zhong)。解決辦法:重(zhong)新調(diao)(diao)整(zheng)執行器,并定期進行維(wei)護、校正(zheng)即可。
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