丙酮：一種(zhong)無(wu)色、透明(ming)、易揮發的可燃(ran)液體，常(chang)用(yong)于(yu)溶(rong)劑(ji)、油漆、涂(tu)料等行業。
丙酮（acetone），又(you)名二甲基(ji)酮，是(shi)一(yi)種有機物(wu)(wu)，分子式為C3H6O，為最簡(jian)單(dan)的(de)飽和(he)酮。常溫(wen)常壓下為一(yi)種有薄荷(he)氣味的(de)無色可燃液(ye)體(ti) [2]。易溶(rong)于水(shui)和(he)甲醇、乙醇、乙醚、氯仿(fang)、吡啶等(deng)有機溶(rong)劑。易燃、易揮發，化學性(xing)質(zhi)較活潑。在工業上主要作為溶(rong)劑，用于炸藥、塑料、橡膠、纖維(wei)、制(zhi)革、油脂、噴漆等(deng)行業中，也可作為合成烯(xi)酮、醋酐、碘仿(fang)、聚異戊(wu)二烯(xi)橡膠、甲基(ji)丙烯(xi)酸(suan)甲酯(zhi)、氯仿(fang)、環氧(yang)樹脂等(deng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)的(de)重要原料，也常常被不法分子做毒(du)品的(de)原料溴代苯丙酮。
物(wu)(wu)理(li)性質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)
在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)常溫(wen)下為(wei)無色(se)(se)透明(ming)液體(ti)(ti)，易(yi)(yi)揮發(fa)、易(yi)(yi)燃，有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)香(xiang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)味(wei)。與(yu)(yu)水(shui)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、乙(yi)(yi)醚、氯仿(fang)和(he)(he)(he)(he)吡啶等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)均能互溶，能溶解油、脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪、樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)橡(xiang)膠(jiao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，也能溶解醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)(he)硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)(su)，是(shi)一(yi)種重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)揮發(fa)性有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
化(hua)(hua)學性質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)
丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪族(zu)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)合(he)(he)(he)(he)物(wu)(wu)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)典型反(fan)應(ying)。例如：與(yu)(yu)亞硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)氫(qing)鈉(na)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)無色(se)(se)結晶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)(wu)。與(yu)(yu)氰化(hua)(hua)氫(qing)反(fan)應(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)氰醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)還原(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)與(yu)(yu)頻(pin)哪酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)比較(jiao)穩定(ding)(ding)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)室溫(wen)下不(bu)會被硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性高錳(meng)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鉀強(qiang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)做氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乙(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、二(er)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)碳和(he)(he)(he)(he)水(shui)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)堿(jian)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)雙(shuang)(shuang)分(fen)子縮(suo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雙(shuang)(shuang)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun) [3]。
2 mol丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)(ge)種酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性催(cui)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（鹽(yan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，氯化(hua)(hua)鋅或(huo)硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)）存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)亞異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，再與(yu)(yu)1 mol丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)佛(fo)爾(er)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（二(er)亞異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)）。3 mol丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)濃(nong)(nong)硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下，脫3 mol水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)間(jian)三甲(jia)(jia)(jia)苯。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)灰、醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)鈉(na)或(huo)氨基(ji)(ji)(ji)鈉(na)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下，縮(suo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)佛(fo)爾(er)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（3,5,5-三甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)-2-環(huan)(huan)己(ji)(ji)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)-1-酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)） [4]。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)或(huo)堿(jian)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下，與(yu)(yu)醛或(huo)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)縮(suo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、不(bu)飽和(he)(he)(he)(he)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及(ji)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狀(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。與(yu)(yu)苯酚(fen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性條件下，縮(suo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雙(shuang)(shuang)酚(fen)A。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)α-氫(qing)原(yuan)(yuan)子容(rong)易(yi)(yi)被鹵素(su)(su)(su)(su)取(qu)代(dai)(dai)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)α-鹵代(dai)(dai)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。與(yu)(yu)次鹵酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉(na)或(huo)鹵素(su)(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)溶液作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鹵仿(fang)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)Grignard試(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)反(fan)應(ying)，加(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)物(wu)(wu)水(shui)解得到叔醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)氨及(ji)其衍生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)如羥氨、肼、苯肼等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)也能發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)縮(suo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)反(fan)應(ying)。此外(wai)，丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)500~1000℃時(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)裂解，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong) [5]。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)170~260℃通(tong)過硅(gui)-鋁催(cui)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)丁烯(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)乙(yi)(yi)醛；300~350℃時(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)丁烯(xi)(xi)(xi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)乙(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。不(bu)能被銀氨溶液，新(xin)制(zhi)氫(qing)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)銅等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)弱氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)，但可催(cui)化(hua)(hua)加(jia)氫(qing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。
其他性質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)
易(yi)(yi)燃有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)物(wu)(wu)品，毒(du)性中(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。輕度(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)對(dui)眼(yan)及(ji)上呼(hu)吸(xi)道黏膜有(you)(you)(you)刺(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，重度(du)(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)有(you)(you)(you)暈厥、痙攣，尿(niao)中(zhong)(zhong)出現(xian)(xian)蛋白和(he)(he)(he)(he)紅(hong)細胞等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)癥狀(zhuang)，小鼠(shu)暴露在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)①30~40 mg/L、②150 mg/L中(zhong)(zhong)2小時(shi)(shi)，結果：①呈側臥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)癥狀(zhuang)；②致死。人體(ti)(ti)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)時(shi)(shi)，應(ying)立(li)即離(li)開現(xian)(xian)場(chang)，呼(hu)吸(xi)新(xin)鮮空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，重者送(song)醫院搶救(jiu)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)最高容(rong)許濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)1000*10-6。操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)現(xian)(xian)場(chang)應(ying)保持良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)風，操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人員應(ying)穿戴防(fang)(fang)護(hu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品。
丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)屬低毒(du)類(lei)(lei)(lei)，近似于乙(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。主要(yao)(yao)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)樞神經系統有(you)(you)(you)麻醉作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，吸(xi)入蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)能引起(qi)頭痛(tong)、眼(yan)花(hua)、嘔吐等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)癥狀(zhuang)，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嗅(xiu)覺界限(xian)為(wei)3.80 mg/m3。對(dui)眼(yan)、鼻、舌(she)黏膜多(duo)次接(jie)觸能引起(qi)炎癥。蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)9488 mg/m3時(shi)(shi)，60分(fen)鐘后就會呈現(xian)(xian)頭痛(tong)、刺(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)支氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)、昏迷(mi)不(bu)醒(xing)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)中(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)癥狀(zhuang)。嗅(xiu)覺閾濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)1.2~2.44 mg/m3。TJ 36-79規(gui)定(ding)(ding)車(che)間(jian)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)最高容(rong)許濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)360 mg/m3。
穩定(ding)(ding)性 [6]：穩定(ding)(ding)
禁(jin)(jin)配物(wu)(wu) [6]：強(qiang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、強(qiang)還原(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、堿(jian)
聚(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)危(wei)害 [6]：不(bu)聚(ju)合(he)(he)(he)(he)
用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途
1.丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低沸點、快(kuai)干(gan)(gan)性極性溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。溶解能力強(qiang)，又溶于水(shui)，除(chu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、清漆、硝基(ji)(ji)(ji)噴漆等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)外(wai)，尚用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)(su)、醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)(su)、照(zhao)相(xiang)膠(jiao)片等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)制(zhi)造時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)(he)脫漆劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)能萃(cui)取(qu)各(ge)(ge)種維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)(su)(su)及(ji)石(shi)油脫蠟(la)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)還是(shi)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于制(zhi)造乙(yi)(yi)酐、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)酯、雙(shuang)(shuang)酚(fen)A、亞異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、己(ji)(ji)二(er)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、氯仿(fang)、碘(dian)仿(fang)、環(huan)(huan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)(su)C等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。并用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)萃(cui)取(qu)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、稀(xi)釋劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。
2.用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于制(zhi)取(qu)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)玻璃(li)單體(ti)(ti)、雙(shuang)(shuang)酚(fen)A、二(er)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、己(ji)(ji)二(er)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)、佛(fo)爾(er)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、異(yi)(yi)佛(fo)爾(er)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、氯仿(fang)、碘(dian)仿(fang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)重要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)(you)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紡絲過程(cheng)、鋼瓶貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存乙(yi)(yi)炔、煉(lian)油工(gong)業(ye)脫蠟(la)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)方(fang)面用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)優良的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)醫藥工(gong)業(ye)，是(shi)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)(su)C和(he)(he)(he)(he)麻醉劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)索佛(fo)那(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)之(zhi)一(yi)，也用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)各(ge)(ge)種維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)(su)和(he)(he)(he)(he)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)(su)(su)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萃(cui)取(qu)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)農藥工(gong)業(ye)，丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)擬(ni)除(chu)蟲(chong)菊酯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)之(zhi)一(yi)。
3.用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)分(fen)析試(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，如作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)色(se)(se)譜衍生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)試(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)及(ji)液相(xiang)色(se)(se)譜洗脫劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
4.用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于電(dian)子工(gong)業(ye)，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)清洗去油劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
5.常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)(ji)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)(ji)樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、醇(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)漆、醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)(su)以(yi)及(ji)多(duo)種膠(jiao)黏劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。還廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于醋酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)(su)、膠(jiao)片、薄膜和(he)(he)(he)(he)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)造，也是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)酯、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、雙(shuang)(shuang)酚(fen)A、乙(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)酐、乙(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)以(yi)及(ji)呋(fu)喃樹(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。
6.可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)稀(xi)釋劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、洗滌(di)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)及(ji)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)(su)、激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)(su)(su)類(lei)(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萃(cui)取(qu)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
7.自然界中(zhong)(zhong)亦存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天然的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，人體(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)(nei)也含有(you)(you)(you)少(shao)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建材方(fang)面，主要(yao)(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)脂(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肪族(zu)減水(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。
運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)方(fang)式
運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)車(che)輛應(ying)配備(bei)(bei)相(xiang)應(ying)品種和(he)(he)(he)(he)數量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消防(fang)(fang)器材及(ji)泄漏應(ying)急處(chu)理(li)設(she)備(bei)(bei)。夏季最好早晚運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)。運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)槽(cao)（罐）車(che)應(ying)有(you)(you)(you)接(jie)地鏈(lian)，槽(cao)內(nei)(nei)(nei)可設(she)孔隔板(ban)以(yi)減少(shao)震(zhen)蕩產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)靜(jing)電(dian)。嚴禁(jin)(jin)與(yu)(yu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、還原(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、堿(jian)類(lei)(lei)(lei)、食用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)學品等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)混裝(zhuang)(zhuang)混運(yun)。運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)途中(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)防(fang)(fang)曝曬、雨淋，防(fang)(fang)高溫(wen)。中(zhong)(zhong)途停留時(shi)(shi)應(ying)遠離(li)火種、熱源、高溫(wen)區。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)運(yun)該物(wu)(wu)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)車(che)輛排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)必須配備(bei)(bei)阻(zu)火裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)易(yi)(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)火花(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械(xie)設(she)備(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)具(ju)(ju)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸(xie)。公(gong)路(lu)運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)按(an)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)路(lu)線行(xing)駛，勿在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)居民區和(he)(he)(he)(he)人口稠密區停留。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)路(lu)運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)溜放(fang)。嚴禁(jin)(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)木船(chuan)、水(shui)泥船(chuan)散裝(zhuang)(zhuang)運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)。
貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存方(fang)法
1、本(ben)品具(ju)(ju)高度(du)(du)(du)易(yi)(yi)燃性，有(you)(you)(you)嚴重火災(zai)(zai)危(wei)險，屬于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)類(lei)(lei)(lei)火災(zai)(zai)危(wei)險物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。儲(chu)存于陰涼(liang)干(gan)(gan)燥、良好通(tong)風處(chu)，遠離(li)熱源、火源和(he)(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)禁(jin)(jin)忌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。所(suo)有(you)(you)(you)容(rong)器都應(ying)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地面上。但久貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)(he)(he)(he)回(hui)收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)常有(you)(you)(you)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性雜質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，對(dui)金屬有(you)(you)(you)腐蝕(shi)性。
2、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)200 L鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)桶包(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，每桶凈重160 kg，鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)桶內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)應(ying)清潔、干(gan)(gan)燥。貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存于干(gan)(gan)燥、通(tong)風處(chu)，溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)保持在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)35 ℃以(yi)下，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸(xie)、運(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)時(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)猛(meng)烈撞擊(ji)，并防(fang)(fang)止(zhi)日曬雨淋。按(an)防(fang)(fang)火防(fang)(fang)爆化(hua)(hua)學品規(gui)定(ding)(ding)貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)運(yun)。3、儲存于陰涼(liang)、通風(feng)(feng)良(liang)好的(de)專用庫(ku)房內，遠離火(huo)種、熱(re)源(yuan)。庫(ku)溫不(bu)宜(yi)超過29 ℃。保(bao)持容(rong)器密封。應與氧(yang)化(hua)劑、還原劑、堿類分開存放，切(qie)忌混儲。采用防(fang)爆型照明、通風(feng)(feng)設(she)施。禁止使用易產生火(huo)花的(de)機械設(she)備和工(gong)具。儲區應備有泄漏(lou)應急處(chu)理設(she)備和合(he)適的(de)收容(rong)材料。
丙(bing)酮管道(dao)阻火器是一種(zhong)安全設備，設計用于(yu)防止丙(bing)酮等(deng)易(yi)燃液體在(zai)管道(dao)系(xi)統中(zhong)因各種(zhong)原因引(yin)發的火焰(yan)蔓延。這種(zhong)阻火器在(zai)化學、制藥、實驗室和其他可能涉及易(yi)燃液體傳(chuan)輸的行業(ye)中(zhong)尤為重要。
丙酮管道(dao)(dao)阻(zu)火(huo)(huo)器的(de)(de)工作原理主(zhu)要(yao)基于傳熱(re)作用和器壁(bi)效應。當火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)試(shi)圖(tu)通(tong)過阻(zu)火(huo)(huo)器時，火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)被分(fen)成(cheng)許多細小(xiao)的(de)(de)火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)流(liu)(liu)，這些(xie)火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)流(liu)(liu)與阻(zu)火(huo)(huo)器內部的(de)(de)細小(xiao)通(tong)道(dao)(dao)或孔隙壁(bi)進行熱(re)交換，導致火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)溫度迅速(su)下降，最(zui)終熄滅。同時，隨著通(tong)道(dao)(dao)尺寸的(de)(de)減小(xiao)，自由(you)基與反應分(fen)子之(zhi)間的(de)(de)碰撞幾(ji)率(lv)減少(shao)，而自由(you)基與通(tong)道(dao)(dao)壁(bi)的(de)(de)碰撞幾(ji)率(lv)增加，這也有助于降低火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)的(de)(de)傳播能力(li)。
安裝丙酮(tong)管道阻火器時，需要注意以下幾點：
- 阻火器的選擇應基于管道系統的具體要求和丙酮的特性。確保所選阻火器的阻火速度大于安裝位置可能達到的火焰傳播速度。
- 阻火器應安裝在管道系統的關鍵位置，如靠近點火源或易燃液體儲罐的出口處，以便在火災發生時及時阻止火焰的蔓延。
- 阻火器的安裝方向應正確，確保火焰能夠按照預定的方向被阻止。單向阻火器不能反裝，否則會影響其阻火效果。
- 在安裝前，應檢查阻火器的完好性和密封性，確保其沒有損壞或泄漏現象。
使用(yong)丙酮(tong)管道阻(zu)火器時，還需要注意以下(xia)幾點：
- 定期檢查阻火器的工作狀態，確保其處于良好的阻火性能。
- 定期對阻火器進行維護和保養，如清洗、更換損壞的部件等。
- 在進行管道維修或更改時，應確保阻火器的正確安裝和連接，避免影響其阻火效果。
總之，丙酮(tong)(tong)管道阻火器是確(que)保丙酮(tong)(tong)等(deng)易燃液體(ti)管道系統安(an)全運(yun)行(xing)的重(zhong)要設備(bei)。正確(que)安(an)裝和使用阻火器可以(yi)有效地防止(zhi)火災事故的發生，保護(hu)人們的生命財產安(an)全。
