丙酮：一種無(wu)色、透(tou)明、易揮發的(de)可燃液體，常用于溶劑、油(you)漆、涂料等行業(ye)。
丙酮(tong)(tong)（acetone），又名二甲基酮(tong)(tong)，是一(yi)種有(you)機(ji)物，分子式為(wei)C3H6O，為(wei)最(zui)簡單(dan)的飽和酮(tong)(tong)。常溫常壓下為(wei)一(yi)種有(you)薄荷氣(qi)味的無色可燃液體 [2]。易溶(rong)于水和甲醇(chun)、乙醇(chun)、乙醚、氯仿、吡啶等(deng)有(you)機(ji)溶(rong)劑。易燃、易揮發，化學性(xing)質較活潑。在工(gong)業上主(zhu)要作為(wei)溶(rong)劑，用于炸藥、塑料、橡膠、纖(xian)維、制革(ge)、油脂(zhi)、噴(pen)漆等(deng)行業中，也可作為(wei)合成烯酮(tong)(tong)、醋(cu)酐(gan)、碘仿、聚異戊(wu)二烯橡膠、甲基丙烯酸(suan)甲酯、氯仿、環(huan)氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)等(deng)物質的重要原(yuan)(yuan)料，也常常被不法(fa)分子做毒(du)品的原(yuan)(yuan)料溴代苯丙酮(tong)(tong)。
物(wu)(wu)理性(xing)(xing)(xing)質
在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)常溫(wen)(wen)(wen)下(xia)(xia)為無色透明液體(ti)(ti)，易(yi)揮發(fa)、易(yi)燃(ran)(ran)，有(you)(you)微(wei)香氣(qi)味。與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)、乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)、乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醚、氯仿(fang)和(he)吡啶等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)均能互溶(rong)(rong)(rong)，能溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解油、脂(zhi)肪(fang)、樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)和(he)橡(xiang)膠(jiao)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)，也(ye)能溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)和(he)硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)揮發(fa)性(xing)(xing)(xing)有(you)(you)機(ji)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)質
丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)脂(zhi)肪(fang)族酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類具(ju)有(you)(you)代(dai)表(biao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)合(he)物(wu)(wu)，具(ju)有(you)(you)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)典型反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)。例如：與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)亞(ya)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)氫(qing)鈉(na)形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)無色結(jie)晶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)(wu)。與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氰化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)氫(qing)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)氰醇(chun)(chun)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)醇(chun)(chun)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)頻哪酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)比較穩定。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)下(xia)(xia)不會被(bei)硝(xiao)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)高(gao)錳酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鉀強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)做氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、二氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳(tan)和(he)水(shui)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)堿(jian)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)雙分(fen)(fen)子縮(suo)合(he)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雙丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)醇(chun)(chun) [3]。
2 mol丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)催(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)（鹽(yan)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，氯化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)鋅(xin)或(huo)(huo)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)）存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)亞(ya)異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，再與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)1 mol丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)加(jia)(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)佛爾酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（二亞(ya)異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)）。3 mol丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)濃(nong)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)，脫(tuo)3 mol水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)間三(san)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)苯。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)石(shi)灰、醇(chun)(chun)鈉(na)或(huo)(huo)氨(an)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)鈉(na)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)，縮(suo)合(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)佛爾酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（3,5,5-三(san)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)-2-環己烯(xi)(xi)-1-酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)） [4]。
在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)或(huo)(huo)堿(jian)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)，與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)醛或(huo)(huo)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)縮(suo)合(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)醇(chun)(chun)、不飽和(he)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)及(ji)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)質。與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)苯酚在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)條件下(xia)(xia)，縮(suo)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雙酚A。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)α-氫(qing)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)子容易(yi)被(bei)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)素(su)(su)(su)取代(dai)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)α-鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)代(dai)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)次鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉(na)或(huo)(huo)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)素(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)堿(jian)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鹵(lu)(lu)(lu)仿(fang)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)Grignard試劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)，加(jia)(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產物(wu)(wu)水(shui)解得到叔醇(chun)(chun)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氨(an)及(ji)其衍(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)如羥氨(an)、肼、苯肼等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)也(ye)能發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)縮(suo)合(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)。此(ci)外，丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)500~1000℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)裂解，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong) [5]。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)170~260℃通(tong)過硅-鋁催(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)丁烯(xi)(xi)和(he)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醛；300~350℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)異(yi)(yi)丁烯(xi)(xi)和(he)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。不能被(bei)銀(yin)氨(an)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液，新制氫(qing)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)銅(tong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)弱氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，但可催(cui)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)加(jia)(jia)氫(qing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)醇(chun)(chun)。
其他性(xing)(xing)(xing)質
易(yi)燃(ran)(ran)有(you)(you)毒(du)(du)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)，毒(du)(du)性(xing)(xing)(xing)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。輕度(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)(du)對(dui)眼(yan)及(ji)上呼吸(xi)道黏(nian)膜有(you)(you)刺激(ji)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，重(zhong)度(du)(du)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)(du)有(you)(you)暈厥(jue)、痙攣，尿中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)出現蛋白和(he)紅(hong)細(xi)胞等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，小鼠暴露在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)①30~40 mg/L、②150 mg/L中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2小時(shi)(shi)(shi)，結(jie)果：①呈側臥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)(du)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)；②致死。人體(ti)(ti)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)(du)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，應(ying)立即離開(kai)現場，呼吸(xi)新鮮空(kong)氣(qi)，重(zhong)者送醫院搶(qiang)救(jiu)。空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)高(gao)容許濃(nong)度(du)(du)1000*10-6。操作(zuo)(zuo)現場應(ying)保持(chi)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)風(feng)，操作(zuo)(zuo)人員(yuan)應(ying)穿戴防(fang)護用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)。
丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)屬(shu)低毒(du)(du)類，近似于(yu)(yu)(yu)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)醇(chun)(chun)。主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樞神經系(xi)統有(you)(you)麻醉作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，吸(xi)入(ru)蒸(zheng)氣(qi)能引起頭痛、眼(yan)花(hua)、嘔(ou)吐等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)嗅覺界(jie)限(xian)為3.80 mg/m3。對(dui)眼(yan)、鼻、舌黏(nian)膜多次接(jie)觸能引起炎癥。蒸(zheng)氣(qi)濃(nong)度(du)(du)為9488 mg/m3時(shi)(shi)(shi)，60分(fen)(fen)鐘后就會呈現頭痛、刺激(ji)支氣(qi)管、昏迷不醒等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)毒(du)(du)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)。嗅覺閾濃(nong)度(du)(du)1.2~2.44 mg/m3。TJ 36-79規定車(che)(che)間空(kong)氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)最(zui)高(gao)容許濃(nong)度(du)(du)為360 mg/m3。
穩定性(xing)(xing)(xing) [6]：穩定
禁(jin)(jin)配(pei)物(wu)(wu) [6]：強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、堿(jian)
聚合(he)危(wei)害 [6]：不聚合(he)
用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途
1.丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)為代(dai)表(biao)性(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低沸點、快干(gan)(gan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。溶(rong)(rong)(rong)解能力強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，又溶(rong)(rong)(rong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)水(shui)，除(chu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、清漆(qi)、硝(xiao)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)噴漆(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)外，尚用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)、醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)、照相膠(jiao)片(pian)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)制造時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)脫(tuo)漆(qi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)能萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)激(ji)素(su)(su)(su)及(ji)石(shi)油脫(tuo)蠟(la)。丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)還(huan)是(shi)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)制造乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酐(gan)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酯(zhi)、雙酚A、亞(ya)異(yi)(yi)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、己二醇(chun)(chun)、氯仿(fang)、碘(dian)仿(fang)、環氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)、維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)C等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。并用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、稀釋(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)。
2.用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)制取有(you)(you)機(ji)玻(bo)璃單體(ti)(ti)、雙酚A、二丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)醇(chun)(chun)、己二醇(chun)(chun)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)、佛爾酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、異(yi)(yi)佛爾酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、氯仿(fang)、碘(dian)仿(fang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)有(you)(you)機(ji)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)涂料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)紡絲過程(cheng)、鋼瓶貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)炔(gui)、煉油工(gong)(gong)業脫(tuo)蠟(la)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)方面(mian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)優良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)醫藥(yao)工(gong)(gong)業，是(shi)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)C和(he)麻醉劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)索佛那的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)之一(yi)，也(ye)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)和(he)激(ji)素(su)(su)(su)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)農藥(yao)工(gong)(gong)業，丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)擬除(chu)蟲菊酯(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)之一(yi)。
3.用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)分(fen)(fen)析試劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，如作(zuo)(zuo)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)色譜衍(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)試劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)及(ji)液相色譜洗(xi)脫(tuo)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
4.用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)電子工(gong)(gong)業，常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)清洗(xi)去油劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
5.常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)、丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)、醇(chun)(chun)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)漆(qi)、醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)多種(zhong)膠(jiao)黏(nian)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。還(huan)廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)醋(cu)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)纖(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)素(su)(su)(su)、膠(jiao)片(pian)、薄膜和(he)塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制造，也(ye)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)酯(zhi)、甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)異(yi)(yi)丁基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、雙酚A、乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)酐(gan)、乙(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)烯(xi)(xi)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)呋喃樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。
6.可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)稀釋(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、洗(xi)滌劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)維(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)(su)(su)、激(ji)素(su)(su)(su)類的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)萃(cui)(cui)(cui)取劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。
7.自然(ran)(ran)界(jie)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亦(yi)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，人體(ti)(ti)內也(ye)含有(you)(you)少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)建(jian)材方面(mian)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)為脂(zhi)肪(fang)族減水(shui)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。
運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)方式(shi)
運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)車(che)(che)輛應(ying)配(pei)備(bei)相應(ying)品(pin)種(zhong)和(he)數量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消防(fang)器材及(ji)泄漏應(ying)急處(chu)理設(she)備(bei)。夏季最(zui)好(hao)早晚運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)。運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)所用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)槽(cao)（罐(guan)）車(che)(che)應(ying)有(you)(you)接(jie)地鏈，槽(cao)內可設(she)孔隔(ge)板以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)減少震蕩產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)靜電。嚴禁(jin)(jin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、堿(jian)類、食用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學品(pin)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)混裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)混運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)途中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)防(fang)曝曬、雨(yu)淋，防(fang)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)途停(ting)留(liu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)遠離火種(zhong)、熱(re)源、高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)區。裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)該物(wu)(wu)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)車(che)(che)輛排(pai)氣(qi)管必須配(pei)備(bei)阻火裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置，禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)易(yi)產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)火花(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械設(she)備(bei)和(he)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)卸(xie)。公路(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)按(an)(an)規定路(lu)線行(xing)駛，勿(wu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)居(ju)民區和(he)人口稠密區停(ting)留(liu)。鐵路(lu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)禁(jin)(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)溜放(fang)。嚴禁(jin)(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)木船、水(shui)泥船散裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)。
貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)方法
1、本品(pin)具(ju)高(gao)度(du)(du)易(yi)燃(ran)(ran)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，有(you)(you)嚴重(zhong)火災(zai)危(wei)險，屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)類火災(zai)危(wei)險物(wu)(wu)質。儲存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)陰涼(liang)干(gan)(gan)燥、良(liang)好(hao)通(tong)風(feng)處(chu)，遠離熱(re)源、火源和(he)有(you)(you)禁(jin)(jin)忌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質。所有(you)(you)容器都(dou)應(ying)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)地面(mian)上。但久貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)回收的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)酮(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)常有(you)(you)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)雜質存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，對(dui)金屬(shu)有(you)(you)腐蝕性(xing)(xing)(xing)。
2、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)200 L鐵桶(tong)包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，每桶(tong)凈重(zhong)160 kg，鐵桶(tong)內部應(ying)清潔、干(gan)(gan)燥。貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)存(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)(cun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)干(gan)(gan)燥、通(tong)風(feng)處(chu)，溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)保持(chi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)35 ℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)卸(xie)、運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)輸(shu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)猛烈撞擊，并防(fang)止(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)曬雨(yu)淋。按(an)(an)防(fang)火防(fang)爆化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學品(pin)規定貯(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)。3、儲(chu)存于陰(yin)涼(liang)、通(tong)風良好的(de)專用(yong)庫(ku)(ku)房內(nei)，遠離火(huo)種、熱源(yuan)。庫(ku)(ku)溫不宜(yi)超過(guo)29 ℃。保持容(rong)器密封。應與氧化劑、還原劑、堿類分開存放，切忌(ji)混儲(chu)。采用(yong)防爆型照明、通(tong)風設(she)施。禁(jin)止使用(yong)易產生火(huo)花的(de)機(ji)械設(she)備和工(gong)具。儲(chu)區應備有(you)泄漏應急處理設(she)備和合適的(de)收容(rong)材料。
丙酮管道阻(zu)火(huo)器是一種(zhong)安全設(she)備，設(she)計用于(yu)防(fang)止(zhi)丙酮等易(yi)燃(ran)液體在管道系統中因各(ge)種(zhong)原(yuan)因引發的(de)火(huo)焰蔓延。這(zhe)種(zhong)阻(zu)火(huo)器在化學、制藥(yao)、實驗室和其(qi)他可能涉及易(yi)燃(ran)液體傳輸的(de)行(xing)業中尤為重要。
丙酮管道(dao)阻火器的(de)(de)工(gong)作原理主要基(ji)于(yu)傳熱作用和器壁(bi)(bi)效應。當火焰試圖通過阻火器時(shi)，火焰被分成許多細小(xiao)的(de)(de)火焰流(liu)，這些火焰流(liu)與阻火器內部的(de)(de)細小(xiao)通道(dao)或孔隙壁(bi)(bi)進行熱交換(huan)，導致火焰溫度迅速(su)下降(jiang)(jiang)，最終熄(xi)滅(mie)。同時(shi)，隨著通道(dao)尺(chi)寸的(de)(de)減(jian)小(xiao)，自(zi)由基(ji)與反(fan)應分子之(zhi)間的(de)(de)碰撞(zhuang)(zhuang)幾(ji)率減(jian)少，而(er)自(zi)由基(ji)與通道(dao)壁(bi)(bi)的(de)(de)碰撞(zhuang)(zhuang)幾(ji)率增加，這也(ye)有助(zhu)于(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)低火焰的(de)(de)傳播能力。
安裝丙酮管(guan)道阻火器時，需(xu)要注意以(yi)下幾(ji)點：
- 阻火器的選擇應基于管道系統的具體要求和丙酮的特性。確保所選阻火器的阻火速度大于安裝位置可能達到的火焰傳播速度。
- 阻火器應安裝在管道系統的關鍵位置，如靠近點火源或易燃液體儲罐的出口處，以便在火災發生時及時阻止火焰的蔓延。
- 阻火器的安裝方向應正確，確保火焰能夠按照預定的方向被阻止。單向阻火器不能反裝，否則會影響其阻火效果。
- 在安裝前，應檢查阻火器的完好性和密封性，確保其沒有損壞或泄漏現象。
使(shi)用(yong)丙(bing)酮管道阻火(huo)器(qi)時(shi)，還需要注意(yi)以下幾點(dian)：
- 定期檢查阻火器的工作狀態，確保其處于良好的阻火性能。
- 定期對阻火器進行維護和保養，如清洗、更換損壞的部件等。
- 在進行管道維修或更改時，應確保阻火器的正確安裝和連接，避免影響其阻火效果。
總(zong)之(zhi)，丙酮管道阻(zu)火器是確(que)保(bao)丙酮等易燃(ran)液體(ti)管道系統安全(quan)運(yun)行的重要設備。正確(que)安裝(zhuang)和(he)使用(yong)阻(zu)火器可以有(you)效地防止火災事故的發生(sheng)，保(bao)護人們的生(sheng)命財產安全(quan)。
